Is PCOS associated with metabolic syndrome?



Polycystic ovarian syndrome affects 15% of reproductive-age women. Insulin resistance appears to play a role in the development of PCOS and the metabolic syndrome that follows. In women with PCOS, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is as high as 30%, and it is linked to long-term repercussions such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, malignancies, sleep apnea, and psychiatric issues. In the past, PCOS treatment has primarily focused on infertility, anovulation, and hirsutism; therefore, clinicians must be more cognizant of metabolic syndrome. Because of the seriousness of metabolic syndrome's health consequences, early detection and intervention are essential.

Pathophysiology

To explore the evolution of metabolic syndrome in PCOS, several pathways have been postulated. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology of the various components of metabolic syndrome is critical due to the complex systemic interconnections between them. Insulin resistance, Atherogenic dyslipidaemia, Obesity and Hypertension are the main reasons leading to consequences like Cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes, Cancers, Obstructive sleep apnoea and Psychological problems.

Management

The addition of metabolic syndrome to the rising epidemics of diabetes type II and cardiovascular disease (CVD) makes early and focused treatment a medical necessity. Adopting lifestyle adjustments that may prevent or reduce the progression of adverse outcomes in high-risk patients is the primary strategy for metabolic syndrome. Medical management of metabolic syndrome can be achieved with Insulin-sensitising agents, Anti-obesity agents and Statins

The hunt for innovative modalities to treating metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS has been fueled by the difficulty of sustaining lifestyle changes and a lack of convincing data supporting medical therapies. Bariatric surgery may be offered to people with obesity if other treatment options have failed. Women who have bariatric surgery had lower cardio metabolic risk factors, as evidenced by a better lipid profile and lower insulin resistance.

Metabolic syndrome is a poorly understood condition, despite its great frequency. The progression of metabolic syndrome in PCOS has been linked to a number of factors. The only universally recognised intervention is lifestyle change. Bariatric surgery is the last choice in some selective women.

Comments

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